Stumbling Stones Willy-Brandt-Platz 8

Stolpersteine / Stumbling Stones commemorate:

* Marie Lydia Gutmann née Kleinert, born 1893, admitted to state institution Hartheim Castle near Linz, murdered 23 April 1941.
* Emanuel Gutmann, born 1885, deported 1941 Riga, murdered.

Information on the relationship between Marie Lydia Gurmann and Emanuel Gutmann was not found.

Records show that Emanuel Gutmann was deported on 29 November 1941 from Nuernberg to Riga. That train arrived in Riga on 02 December, but the location and date of Emanuel’s death are unknown.

Hartheim Castle near Linz, Austria, was a home for physically and mentally handicapped children. Between 1939 and 1940, it was converted into the Hartheim Euthanasia Center (NS-Tötungsanstalt Hartheim) -- a killing center of the Nazi euthanasia programme, also referred to as Action T4. Hartheim included a gas chamber and at least 2 crematoria. Based on a box of records found there, the estimated of murders committed there by August 1941 is more than 18,000 victims.

"Stolpersteine" is an art project for Europe by Gunter Demnig to commemorate victims of National Socialism (Nazism). Stolpersteine (stumbling stones) are small, 10x10cm brass plaques placed in the pavement in front of the last voluntary residence of (mostly Jewish) victims who were murdered by the Nazis. Each plaque is engraved with the victim’s name, date of birth and place (mostly a concentration camp) and date of death. By doing this, Gunter Demnig gives an individual memorial to each victim. One stone, one name, one person. He cites the Talmud: "A human being is forgotten only when his or her name is forgotten."

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Source

• Text: Anne Palmer
• Photos: John Mark Shorack
• USHMM Holocaust Survivors and Victims Database
• Holocaust Research Project: Hartheim Castle
• Stolpersteine.eu