Stumbling Stones Bornstraße 9

These small, brass, memorial plaques (Stolpersteine or stumbling stones) commemorate:

* Rudolf Wolf, born 1905, "protective custody" 1939 Sachsenhausen, deported 1941, murdered in Minsk.
* Betty Wolf née Bettelheiser, born 1907, deported 1941, murdered in Minsk.

Background

Both Rudolf and Betty Wolf were German citizens, born in Germany. After the November 1938 Pogrom, Rudolf was put into Sachsenhausen, then released on 11 January 1939. Rudolf, Betty, and Friedel Wolf, age 14, were deported on 8 November 1941 from Hamburg to Minsk.

The relationship of Friedel to Rudolf and Betty Wolf is not clear. She was born in 1927 in Nieder Ohman, Germany. One source describes her as part of Rudolf’s family. She could be their daughter. Online research found no stolperstein for her.

"Stolpersteine" is an art project for Europe by Gunter Demnig to commemorate victims of National Socialism (Nazism). Stolpersteine (stumbling stones) are small, 10x10cm brass plaques placed in the pavement in front of the last voluntary residence of (mostly Jewish) victims who were murdered by the Nazis. Each plaque is engraved victim’s with the name, year of birth, and place (mostly a concentration camp) and date of death. By doing this, Gunter Demnig gives an individual memorial to each victim. One stone, one name, one person. He cites the Talmud: "A human being is forgotten only when his or her name is forgotten."

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Source

• Text: Anne Palmer
• Photos: Bernd Carstensen (1), Bernd Carstensen (2)
• Yad Vashem Central Database of Shoah Victims’ Names
• Stolpersteine Hamburg: Karoline Steinberg
• Stolpersteine.eu