Stumbling Stones Helenenwallstraße 1

These memorial stones (so called Stolpersteine of stumbling blocks) commemorate:
Herbert Markuse (born 1923, escaped to Palestina 1939)
Frida Markuse (born 1894, escaped to Belgium in hiding during the war and survived)
Joseph Markuse (born 1890, escaped to Belgium died 18 maart 1942)
Inge Markuse (born 1926, escaped to Belgium 1940 murdered in Auschwitz)

The small copper plaques, in the pavement in front of houses of which the (mostly Jewish) residents were murdered by the Nazis, mention the name, date of birth and place (mostly a concentration camp) and date of death.

In many other cities, mainly in Germany but also in other European countries, the memorials also can be found. There are already many thousands of these plaques and their number is still counting. Almost all Stolpersteine are laid by the German artist himself, Gunter Demnig.

For more information and pictures, please visit Stolpersteine in Cologne (in German).

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Source

• Text: Johan Tjallingii
• Photos: Johan Tjallingii