Stumbling Stones Wilhelminastraat 50

STOLPERSTEIN / STUMBLING STONE
for:
Meijer Dasberg
Geertruida Dasberg-Swart
Jacques Dasberg
Antje Swart
Naatje Swart
Eliazer Swart
Eva Swart-Dasberg

The German artist Gunter Demnig started placing the first Stolpersteine in 1997 in the Berlin's Kreuzberg district.
Meanwhile there are Stolpersteine in many countries.
It reminds the Holocaust in World War II.
A Stolperstein is a concrete stone of 10 x 10cm, with a brass plate on top, in which the name, date of birth and decease and also place of decease is punched into.
The Stolperstein gets a place in the pavement in front of the former house of the victim.
By doing this, Gunter Demnig gives a private memorial to each victim.
His motto is: 'A HUMAN BEING IS FORGOTTEN ONLY WHEN HIS OR HER NAME IS FORGOTTEN'.

Borne was the first town in the Netherlands in which Stolpersteine were placed.
This happened the 29-11-2007.

Meyer Dasberg
January 19, 1876 (Rotterdam) - September 7, 1942 (Auschwitz)

Meijer Dasberg was born on January 19, 1876 on the Schiedamsedijk in Rotterdam in the family of the merchant Hartog Dasberg and his wife Hester Boesman. Witnesses to the birth registration were his grandfather Salomon Dasberg and his brother Isaac Dasberg, also merchants in Rotterdam. Meijer would also go into business later. When he was approved for military service in 1896, he worked as a shop assistant in Rotterdam. Because of his short height of 1.47 meters, he was definitively rejected for a position in the military.

In June 1915, the then 39-year-old Meijer Dasberg married in Haarlem two years younger Geertruida Swart, a native of Haarlem. His father Hartog had already died by then and his brother Bernard, a frame-maker by trade, and his brother-in-law Abraham Schnitzler, a traveling salesman by profession, acted as witnesses. Meijer was already living in Haarlem at the time of his marriage and, according to the marriage certificate, practiced the profession of an antiques dealer there. His marriage to Geertruida Swart brought him into an environment of antique dealers, because her father, Salomon Swart, and her brother Eliazer (also Eliazar) were also antique dealers in Haarlem. In April 1915, shortly before the marriage, Meijer Dasberg, his future father-in-law Salomon, his brother-in-law Eliazer and his sisters-in-law Naatje (antique dealer) and Antje Swart (dresser) had even set up a company with the aim, according to the announcement in the Government Gazette, ' the buying and selling of antique furniture, tiles, porcelain, old Delft pottery, copper and silverware, all in the broadest sense'.

In 1933, Meijer Dasberg's family, to which his son Jacques also belonged from 5 May 1916, moved within Haarlem from Spekstraat 10 to Wilhelminastraat 50. Eliazer, Naatje and probably Antje Swart also settled there. During the war, the Wilhelminastraat was renamed Schouwburgstraat and it is from this address that Meijer Dasberg was taken to Westerbork. On September 4, 1942, he and his son Jacques were deported from Westerbork to Auschwitz, where both were murdered a few days later.

Transport from Westerbork 4 September 1942.
Died in Auschwitz on September 7, 1942.
He was 66 years old.

Geertruida Dasberg-Swart
March 24, 1878 (Haarlem) - February 5, 1943 (Auschwitz)

Geertruida Swart (March 24, 1878), daughter of Eva Dasberg and the merchant Salomon Swart, was born and raised in Haarlem. Her birthplace was on Ceciliasteeg in the old center of the city. Not much is known about her youth, but on 24 June 1915 she married Meijer Dasberg, born in Rotterdam, in Haarlem. She was not unknown to her because he was her first cousin. The Dasberg and Swart families were also closely connected in business terms. This is evident, for example, from the company founded in April 1915 for the purchase and sale of antiques, in which both her husband Meijer Dasberg, her father Salomon, brother Eliazer and unmarried sisters Naatje and Antje participate. A year later, on May 5, 1916, her son Jacques Dasberg was born.

During the war years, the family seems to have fallen apart. Geertruida may have been in hiding. That would explain that on 27 January 1943 she was taken from Amsterdam to camp Vught and from there to camp Westerbork. She was registered there on 29 January and a few days later, on 2 February 1943, she was deported to Auschwitz, where she was killed on or around 5 February. Her husband and son had already been killed there in September 1942.

Transport from Westerbork 2 February 1943.
Died in Auschwitz on February 5, 1943.
She was 64 years old.

Jacques Dasberg
May 5, 1916 (Haarlem) - September 7, 1942 (Auschwitz)

Jacques Dasberg was born on May 5, 1916 as the son and only child of Geertruida Swart and Meijer Dasberg. Many relatives on both maternal and paternal sides were active as antique dealers, but Jacques had other ambitions. When he was approved for military service in 1936, it was noted that he had completed the HBS and was now studying to become a notary. According to tradition, his parents were very proud of their student son.

Jacques himself, and presumably also his parents, were involved in the Jewish community in the Netherlands and aware of their Jewish identity. In 1929, for example, a donation was made in his name and in honor of his Barmitzvah to the Jewish Invalide in Amsterdam, an institution for the care of Jewish elderly and disabled people. Jacques also emerged as a fervent advocate for the Jewish cause. In the second half of the thirties he was associated with the magazine Iton Macbi, 'Organ of the Association of Young Jews "Macbi" Haarlem'. With the situation in Germany and Eastern Europe in mind, he wrote about the return of Jews to Israel. He also held administrative positions within the Macbi association and held lectures there, including on Zionism.

In 1942 the reality of the Nazi occupation overtook him. With his father Meijer Dasberg he was taken from Haarlem to Westerbork and put on a transport to Auschwitz on September 4 of that year. Jacques and his father were killed there on or about September 7, 1942.

Transport from Westerbork 4 September 1942.
Died in Auschwitz on September 7, 1942.

He was 26 years old.

Eliazer Black
May 11, 1889 (Haarlem) – February 5, 1943 (Auschwitz)
Eliazer (also spelled Eliazar or Eleazar) Swart was born on May 11, 1889 in Haarlem as the youngest son of the merchant Salomon Swart and his wife Eva Dasberg. The family consisted of six children, one of whom died before her second birthday. The Swart and Dasberg families were closely related: Eliazer married his first cousin Eva Dasberg and his older sister Geertruida was married to Eva's brother Meijer Dasberg. The other two sisters, Naatje and Antje, remained unmarried.
At Eliazer's marriage to Eva Dasberg on September 21, 1916 in Rotterdam, his occupation was listed as: antiquarian and antiquities merchant. He didn't get this profession from a stranger. His father Salomon Swart worked as an antique dealer and antiquities merchant, and his sister Geertruida's husband, Meijer Dasberg, was also an antique dealer. In 1915 the three men, together with Eliazer's unmarried sisters Naatje and Antje, had set up a joint company for 'buying and selling antique furniture, tiles, porcelain, old Delft pottery, copper and silverware, all in the broadest sense' .
At the end of January 1933, the families moved together from Spekstraat 10 to Wilhelminastraat 50, which had been renamed Schouwburgstraat by the Nazis. Families were torn apart during the war. Meijer Dasberg, his son Jacques, Eliazar's wife Eva and his sister Antje were deported from their house on Wilhelminastraat in August and September 1942 and murdered. Eliazer and his sisters Naatje and Geertruida were deported in 1943 from a transit house at 13 Sarphatistraat (then Muiderschans) in Amsterdam.
Different dates are given for Eliazer's imprisonment in camp Vught and his transport to Westerbork: on 26 or 27 January 1943 he arrived in camp Vught and on 28 or 30 January 1943 he was transferred from Vught to Westerbork. A few days later, on February 2, Eliazer was deported to Auschwitz, where he was killed immediately upon arrival.
Transport from Westerbork to Auschwitz on February 2, 1943
Murdered in Auschwitz on February 5, 1943
He was 53 years old

Eva Swart-Dasberg
May 21, 1884 (Rotterdam) – August 31, 1942 (Auschwitz)

Eva Dasberg was born on May 21, 1884 in Rotterdam as the youngest daughter of the merchant Hartog Dasberg and Hester Boesman. The family consisted of nine children, five sons and four daughters, one of whom died young.

On 21 September 1916, at the age of 32, Eva married Eliazer Swart, her first cousin, five years her junior in Rotterdam. One of her older brothers, Meijer Dasberg, who had married Eliazer's sister Geertruida the year before, was best man at her wedding. The marriage between Eva and Eliazer remained childless.

The Dasberg and Swart families were not only related by marriage and blood relationship, but also worked together in business. In 1915 they had set up a joint company for the purchase and sale of antiquities. As a married woman, Eva did not officially participate in this, but may have been involved in practice.

At the end of January 1933, she and the other members of their composite families moved from Spekstraat 10 to Wilhelminastraat 50, which was called Schouwburgstraat by the Nazis during the war. Eva was taken away from this house, possibly during the razzia of August 25, 1942, because on August 26, 1942 she was registered in Westerbork. Two days later, on August 28, she was deported to Auschwitz, where she was murdered immediately upon arrival.

Transport from Westerbork to Auschwitz on August 28, 1942

Murdered in Auschwitz on August 31, 1942

She was 58 years old

Naatje Swart
February 24, 1880 (Haarlem) – February 5, 1943 (Auschwitz)
Naatje Swart was born on February 24, 1880 in Haarlem as the second daughter of the merchant Salomon Swart and Eva Dasberg. She grew up in a family of antique dealers: her father Salomon Swart - and later also her brother Eliazer Swart and her brother-in-law Meijer Dasberg - were antique dealers and antiquities merchants. Together with her younger sister Antje, she participated in the company founded by them in 1915 for 'buying and selling antique furniture, tiles, porcelain, old Delft pottery, copper and silverware, all in the broadest sense'. Her occupation is listed as: antique dealer. Naatje remained unmarried.
At the end of January 1933, she and the other members of their composite families moved from Spekstraat 10 to a large house at Wilhelminastraat 50, which was called Schouwburgstraat by the Nazis during the war. On 26 January 1943 Naatje was deported from Amsterdam to Camp Vught and on 29 January 1943 from Vught to Westerbork. A few days later, on February 2, she was deported to Auschwitz, where she was murdered immediately upon arrival.
Transport from Westerbork to Auschwitz on February 2, 1943
Murdered in Auschwitz on February 5, 1943
She was 62 years old

Antje Swart
June 27, 1884 (Haarlem) – August 31, 1942 (Auschwitz)
Antje Swart was born on June 27, 1884 in Haarlem as the youngest daughter of the merchant Salomon Swart and Eva Dasberg. She grew up in a family of antique dealers: her father Salomon Swart - and later also her brother Eliazer Swart and her brother-in-law Meijer Dasberg - were antique dealers and antiquities merchants. Together with her older sister Naatje, she participated in the company they founded in 1915 for 'buying and selling antique furniture, tiles, porcelain, old Delft pottery, copper and silverware, all in the broadest sense'. Her occupation is listed here: dressmaker. Like her sister Naatje, Antje remained unmarried.
At the end of January 1933, she and the other members of their composite families moved from Spekstraat 10 to a large house at Wilhelminastraat 50, which was called Schouwburgstraat by the Nazis during the war. Antje was taken away from this house, possibly during the raid in Haarlem on 25 August 1942, because on 26 August 1942 she was registered in Westerbork. Two days later, on August 28, she was deported to Auschwitz, where she was killed immediately upon arrival.
Transport from Westerbork to Auschwitz on August 28, 1942
Murdered in Auschwitz on August 31, 1942
She was 58 years old