Stumbling Stones Schustergasse 2

These memorials (Stolpersteine or stumbling stones) commemorate:
* Ferdinand Marx, born 1867, fled to Holland 1940, interned at Westerbork, deported 1942 to Auschwitz, murdered.
* Marianne Marx née Freudenberger, born 1873, interned at Westerbork, deported 1942 to Auschwitz, murdered.

Ferdinand Marx moved to Würzburg in 1922, where he had a wholesale wine business until fall, 1938. His business then closed. He and his wife Marianne (Merina) wanted to buy into a retirement home in Würzburg, but after Kristallnacht they decided to go to Holland, where their older daughter Lilli Duveen-Marx lived. (Their younger daughter and husband escaped to the US in March 1939.) Before the Marxes left, however, Ferdinand was arrested for a "foreign exchange offense." He was in jail February-May 1939, and they lost their remaining assets. Finally, in January 1940, they went to their daughter Lilli and her husband Philip Duveen in The Hague, Netherlands. All four were taken to Westerbork in in October 1942. Sources indicate that they were then deported in February 1943 with almost 900 others to Auschwitz and murdered on arrival at the camp on 05 February 1943.

"Stolpersteine" is an art project for Europe by Gunter Demnig to commemorate victims of National Socialism (Nazism). Stolpersteine (stumbling stones) are small, 10x10cm brass plaques placed in the pavement in front of the last voluntary residence of (mostly Jewish) victims who were murdered by the Nazis. Each plaque is engraved with the victim’s name, date of birth, and place (mostly a concentration camp) and date of death. By doing this, Gunter Demnig gives an individual memorial to each victim. One stone, one name, one person. He cites the Talmud: "A human being is forgotten only when his or her name is forgotten."

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