Festung Krakau - Fort Citadel 2 "Kosciuszko"

This fort was built from 1850 to 1856 as part of the Austro-Hungarian Krakau fortress. It saw action in the period 5-6 December 1914, when it was attacked by Russian troops.

A polish anti aircraft gun position was established here in September 1939 and participated in the defence of Cracow. The fort was renamed to fort "Liszt" in 1940 and turned into a camp for Italian prisoners of war in 1943.

From 1944 to 1945, Cracow was turned into a so called "Festung" and fort "Liszt" became the Festung headquarters. It was abandoned and partly blown up by German troops shortly after the Red Army entered the suburbs of Cracow in January 1945.

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Source

• Text: Kaj Metz
• Photos: Zygmunt Put