Stumbling Stones Katwijkstraat 38

Stolpersteine / Stumbling stones
for
* Nathan Wolf, born 1891, deported 31 August 1942 from Westerbork, murdered 11 March 1943 Fürstengrube, Pszcyna, Poland.
* Johanna Wolf-Kleermaker, born 1898, deported 31 August 1942 from Westerbork, murdered 3 September 1942, Auschwitz.
* Froukje Kleermaker, born 1892, deported 31 August 1942 from Westerbork, murdered 3 September 1942, Auschwitz.
* Michel Wolf, born 1928, deported 31 August 1942 from Westerbork, murdered 3 September 1942, Auschwitz.
* Martin Wolf, born 1930, deported 31 August 1942 from Westerbork, murdered 3 September 1942, Auschwitz.

All five members of this household were deported on the same day. All except Nathan Wolf were murdered in Auschwitz 4 days later – two boys ages 12 and 14, their mother (Johanna) and their aunt (Froukje). At some point their father, Nathan, was sent, along with some other men from Oss, to Fürstengrube, where barracks were being built for future Auschwitz prisoners who would mine coal there. Nathan, along with others, was killed there in March 1943, five months before Fürstengrube became a formal Auschwitz sub-camp.

Stolpersteine for Johanna and Froukje’s sister, Betsie Cohen-Kleermaker and her husband Israël Cohen are at Plantage Muidergracht 23 in Amsterdam.

"Stolpersteine" is an art project for Europe by Gunter Demnig to commemorate victims of National Socialism (Nazism). Stolpersteine (stumbling stones) are small, 10x10cm brass plaques placed in the pavement in front of the last voluntary residence of (mostly Jewish) victims who were murdered by the Nazis. Each plaque is engraved with the victim’s name, date of birth and place (mostly a concentration camp) and date of death. By doing this, Gunter Demnig gives an individual memorial to each victim. One stone, one name, one person. He cites the Talmud: "A human being is forgotten only when his or her name is forgotten."

Borne was the first town in the Netherlands in which Stolpersteine were placed -- on 29 November 2007.

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Source

• Text: Anne Palmer
• Photos: Peter Mulder
• Joods Monument
• Fürstengrube
• Geni.com
• Stolpersteine.eu