Stumbling Stones Plantage Muidergracht 131b

These small, brass memorial plaques (Stolpersteine or stumbling stones) commemorate:

* Clara de Metz, born 1871, murdered 26 January 1943, Auschwitz.
* Bertha de Metz, born 1873, murdered 26 January 1943, Auschwitz.

Clara and Bertha de Metz were sisters born two years apart in Amsterdam, and both lived at this address in February 1941. They had two younger brothers still living at the beginning of the war, but both were murdered – Maurits in 1941 in Amsterdam, and Hermanus in 1943 in Auschwitz.

No information was found on the sisters’ deportation (how many times, from where to where). Clara and Bertha de Metz were ages 70 and 72 when they were murdered in Auschwitz.

"Stolpersteine" is an art project for Europe by Gunter Demnig to commemorate victims of National Socialism (Nazism). Stolpersteine (stumbling stones) are small, 10x10cm brass plaques placed in the pavement in front of the last voluntary residence of (mostly Jewish) victims who were murdered by the Nazis. Each plaque is engraved with the victim’s name, date of birth, and place (mostly a concentration camp) and date of death. By doing this, Gunter Demnig gives an individual memorial to each victim. One stone, one name, one person. He cites the Talmud: "A human being is forgotten only when his or her name is forgotten."

Borne was the first town in the Netherlands in which Stolpersteine were placed -- on 29 November 2007.

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Source

• Text: Anne Palmer
• Photos: Anne Palmer (1), Anne Palmer (2), Mischa Rus (3, 4)
• Joods Monument
• Geni.com
• Stolpersteine.eu