Stumbling Stones Voorstraat 5

These small brass memorial plaques (stolpersteine, struikelstenen, or stumbling stones) commemorate:

* Andries Frank, born 1903, murdered 30 November 1943, Lublin Majdanek.
* Frederika Frank-Levie, born 1909, murdered 20 March 1943, Sobibor.

Andries Frank, a farmer, and Frederika Levie married. No information was found about any children. The couple went into hiding for over a year at Albert and Hillichen Huisman’s farm near Dalfsen. Andries’s father (Isak Frank) and brother (Aron Frank) were in hiding there also, along with three other Jewish people.

On 5 March 1943, Andries, Frederika, Isak, and Aron Frank were arrested at the farm and were deported to Westerbork. Andries and Aron were selected for work; Frederika and Isak were sent to Sobibor and murdered. Andries and Aron were finally murdered in Majdanek camp, located on the edge of Lublin.

Andries Frank’s sister Martha Lazarus-Frank and 2 children (Isak Louis Lazarus, age 9, and Marie Lazarus, age 11) were all murdered in Sobibor on 28 May 1943. Her husband Simon Lazarus, a horse dealer and blacksmith, was murdered a year later in Warsaw.

Frederika had one sibling, brother Mozes Levie, born in 1913; he was murdered in October 1943 in Vught. Their parents, Jetting Lowina Levie-Levie (age 67) and Samuël Levie (age 64), were both murdered on 14 January 1943 in Auschwitz.

Stolpersteine for Isak Frank (1866-1943) and Aron Karel Frank (1909-1943) are at Gramsbergerweg 8.

"Stolpersteine" is an art project for Europe by Gunter Demnig to commemorate victims of National Socialism (Nazism). Stolpersteine (stumbling stones) are small, 10x10cm brass plaques placed in the pavement in front of the last voluntary residence of (mostly Jewish) victims who were murdered by the Nazis. Each plaque is engraved with the victim’s name, date of birth, and place (mostly a concentration camp) and date of death. By doing this, Gunter Demnig gives an individual memorial to each victim. One stone, one name, one person. He cites the Talmud: "A human being is forgotten only when his or her name is forgotten."

Borne was the first town in the Netherlands in which Stolpersteine were placed -- on 29 November 2007.

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Source

• Text: Anne Palmer
• Photos: Jasper Nijman, Stichting Historische Projecten Hardenberg
• "Levenslicht geeft Holocaust slachtoffers een gezicht," p.12
• Joods Monument
• Stolpersteine.eu