On the eve of World War Two, Great Britain had 12 capital ships and 3 battlecruisers at her disposal. Right after World War One, this number stood at 46. The Washington Treaty, signed in 1921 by the major naval powers at the time in order to prevent a new arms race, stipulated that in the 20s, 28 British warships be dismantled. The five Queen Elizabeth class vessels and the five of the Royal Sovereign class were retained.
Designing the Bismarck started as early as 1934 and entailed a 35,000 BRT so-called Panzerschiff or armored vessel equipped with 8 38cm guns. The design entailed an armor strong enough to withstand any battleship and the armament was sufficiently strong to take on any opponent. Final design was completed in May 1935